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The Payroll Source T-2 2.5 Minimum Wage. ................................................................................................................................ 2-35 2.5-1 Tips and the Tip Credit. .................................................................................................... 2-38 2.5-2 Equal Pay for Equal Work.................................................................................................. 2-41 2.6 Overtime Pay Requirements............................................................................................................... 2-41 2.6-1 The Workweek................................................................................................................... 2-42 2.6-2 Hours Worked.................................................................................................................... 2-44 2.6-3 Regular Rate of Pay............................................................................................................ 2-44 2.6-4 Special Problems in Regular Rate Determinations............................................................. 2-49 2.6-5 Compensatory Time Off.................................................................................................... 2-55 2.7 Compensable Time Issues. ................................................................................................................. 2-59 2.7-1 Unauthorized Overtime. .................................................................................................... 2-59 2.7-2 Meal and Rest Periods........................................................................................................ 2-59 2.7-3 Travel Time. ....................................................................................................................... 2-60 2.7-4 On-Call Time. ................................................................................................................... 2-62 2.7-5 Waiting Time. .................................................................................................................... 2-64 2.7-6 Time Spent at Meetings and Training Sessions. ................................................................ 2-64 2.7-7 Preliminary and Postliminary Activities. ............................................................................ 2-67 2.7-8 Receiving Medical Attention. ............................................................................................ 2-69 2.8 Child Labor Restrictions.................................................................................................................... 2-69 2.9 Enforcement and Penalties................................................................................................................. 2-71 2.10 Public Contracts Laws........................................................................................................................ 2-73 2.10-1 Walsh-Healey Public Contracts Act. ................................................................................. 2-73 2.10-2 Wage Rates for Public Buildings and Works (Davis-Bacon and Related Acts)................. 2-73 2.10-3 Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act. .............................................................. 2-74 2.10-4 Service Contract Act. ......................................................................................................... 2-74 2.10-5 Copeland ‘Anti-Kickback’ Act. ........................................................................................... 2-74 2.11 State Wage-Hour Charts.................................................................................................................... 2-75 2.11-1 State Minimum Wage Rates. ............................................................................................. 2-75 2.11-2 State Tip Credits................................................................................................................ 2-76 2.11-3 State Overtime Pay Requirements. .................................................................................... 2-77 2.11-4 State Meal and Rest Period Requirements......................................................................... 2-79 2.11-5 Directory of State Wage and Hour Agencies. .................................................................... 2-82 2.12 Review Questions and Exercises. ....................................................................................................... 2-87 SECTION 3: TAXABLE AND NONTAXABLE COMPENSATION 3.1 Gross Income and Wages Under the IRC............................................................................................ 3-3 3.1-1 Income and Employment Taxes Defined. ............................................................................ 3-3 3.1-2 Fair Market Value................................................................................................................. 3-4 3.2 Fringe Benefits Under the Internal Revenue Code. ............................................................................. 3-4 3.2-1 Nontaxable Fringe Benefits. ................................................................................................. 3-5 3.2-2 Personal Use of Employer-Provided Vehicles..................................................................... 3-18 3.2-3 Personal Use of Employer-Provided Aircraft. .................................................................... 3-25 3.2-4 Free or Discounted Commercial Flights. ........................................................................... 3-26 3.2-5 Discounts on Property or Services...................................................................................... 3-26 The Payroll Source®